Cause and Effect

 

Hubungan Cause and Effect Sentences dalam Bahasa Inggris

A cause-effect sentence is a sentence used to show an event that causes another event occurs.

(Kalimat sebab akibat adalah kalimat yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu kejadian yang menyebabkan terjadinya kejadian lainnya.)

Events that become causes are called causes and events that become consequences are called effects.

(Kejadian yang menjadi penyebab dinamakan cause (sebab) dan kejadian yang menjadi akibat dinamakan effect (akibat).)

The relationship of cause-effect is a relationship which one event (the cause) makes another event happen (the effect).

There are three criteria of cause and effect

•       The cause has to procede the effect in time. The cause has to occur before the effect

        (cause harus mendahului effect pada waktunya. Cause harus terjadi sebelum effect)

• .    There has to be an empirical relationship between the cause and effect. Whenever the cause happens, the effect must also occur

       ( harus ada hubungan empiris antara sebab dan akibat. Kapan saja sebab terjadi akibat            harus terjadi.)

• .    The relationship cannot be explained by other factors.

       (hubunganya tidak bias dijelaskan oleh factor lain)

 

Contoh Kalimat cause-effect :

1.  1.    I got flat tire, so I can’t come on time at school.
      Cause: I got flat tire
      Effect: I can’t come on time at school.

 

2.    2.  She came late to the school this morning because she got a little accident.
       Effect: She came late to her school this morning.
       Cause: She got a little accident.

 

Secara umum cause ditulis lebih dahulu baru kemudian diikuti effect. Namun bisa juga effect ditulis lebih dahulu dan diikuti oleh cause seperti dalam contoh kalimat cause-effect di atas. 

Dalam Bahasa Inggris, untuk menghubungkan situasi yang memiliki hubungan sebab akibat, diperlukan connectors (penghubung) atau signal words tertentu

 Kita bisa mengidentifikasi kalimat cause-effect jika dalam kalimat tersebut terdapat signal word/phrase (kata/frase) seperti:

·         Due to                         =  dikarenakan

·         Because of                  =  karena

·         Owing to                      =  karena

·         Thanks to                    =  terimakasih untuk

·         As a result of               =  sebagai hasil dari

·         As a consequence of   =  sebagai konsekuensi dari

·         Because                       =  karena                

·         Since                            =  karena

·         As                                 =  karena

·         For                                =  untuk/karena

Kalimat cause-effect dikelompokkan menjadi ; 

1. Kalimat cause-effect yang diikuti Noun

    Kalimat cause-effect yang diikuti noun atau noun phrase biasanya menggunakan kata/frase  (signal    

    word/phrase) seperti :

·         Due to ,

·         Because of,

·         Owing to,

·         Thanks to,

·         As a result of,

·         As a consequence of, 

Struktur cause-effect diikuti Noun

Signal Word/Phrase	Noun/nounphrase/gerund                       (cause)	Sentence                                 ( effect)
atau
Sentence           (effect)	Signal Word/Phrase	Noun/nounphrase/gerund                              (cause)

Example:

1.    Due to Bella’s nervousness, she didn’t pass the driving test.

                   noun phrase

2.    He is always late because of his gaming habits.

                                                                  gerund

3.    As a result of the rain, we canceled the picnic

                                     noun

2. Kalimat cause-effect yang diikuti sentence

    Kalimat cause-effect yang diikuti dengan Sentence (subject+verb) biasanya menggunakan kata atau 

    frase (signalword/phrase) seperti :  (B A S F)

·         Because,

·        As

·        Since

·         For

Struktur cause-effect diikuti Sentence

Signal Word/Phrase	sentence             (cause)	sentence                                ( effect)
atau
Sentence           (effect)	Signal Word/Phrase	sentence              (cause)

Example:

1.    Because Bella was nervous, she didn,t pass the driving test.

                        sentence

2.    He is always late since he has a game habit.

                                                         sentence

3.    The picnic was canceled as it’s raining

                                                              sentence

Notes : Sentence  polanya terdiri dari:

             S P O K  ---- My mother cooks fried rice in the morning

             S P O     ---- My mother cook fried rice/   I am happy

             S P         ---- My mother cooks

                  

              Subjek , Predikat  Objek,  Keterangan

                   S             P           0             K

              Subjek –-------- orang, benda

              Predikat  ------- tobe (is,am, are,was,were) / verb (kata kerja)  

              Objek    -------- orang, benda

              Keterangan  --- keterangan waktu, keterangan tempat